glp 1 gip mounjaro (tirzepatide) is a dual incretin agonist targeting both GLP-1 and receptors. It improves glycaemic control by enhancing insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon, and delaying gastric emptying — which also leads to Mounjaro FDA Use: Diabetes +

This review focuses on one over looked neurotrophin, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) that acts via the Type 1 tyrosine kinase receptor Met to mediate stem cell differentiation, synaptogenesis, neurogenesis, and protect against tissue insults in a wide range of cell types including neurons

GLP-1s primary mechanisms include stimulating insulin secretion when blood glucose is elevated (glucose-dependent insulin secretion), suppressing glucagon release (glucagon raises blood sugar, so suppressing it helps lower glucose), slowing gastric emptying (keeping food in the stomach longer, reducing post-meal glucose spikes), reducing appetite through effects on brain appetite centers, and potentially preserving pancreatic beta cell function

Alpha lipoic acid is actively involved in free radicals turnover, arrest inflammation and promote actions of endothelial relaxing factor in vesicles and endothelium [52]

Effects of chronic cadmium exposure on the structure and function of intestinal mucosal flora in mice